{"id":952,"date":"2021-10-06T14:57:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-06T12:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.septabene.si\/?p=952"},"modified":"2021-11-03T15:02:20","modified_gmt":"2021-11-03T14:02:20","slug":"tonzilitis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.septabene.si\/koristno\/bolezni\/tonzilitis\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdaj govorimo o angini"},"content":{"rendered":"        <div >\r\n            \n\n<p>Angina je zelo pogosta bolezen. Najve\u010dkrat za njo zbolimo med 5. in 15. letom, lahko pa tudi pozneje. Pri nekaterih se pojavi ve\u010dkrat na leto.<\/p>\n\n\n        <img class=\"illnes \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/zenska-s-skodelico-se-drzi-za-grlo.jpeg\">\r\n\t\t\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n        <div >\r\n            \n\n<h5><strong><strong><strong>Kaj je tonzilitis?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Pri angini pride do <strong><a href=\"\/koristni-nasveti\/bolezni\/faringitis\/\">vnetja \u017erela<\/a><\/strong>, ki ga strokovno imenujemo faringitis, in <strong>mandljev<\/strong> (nebnic ali tonzil). Latinsko ime za mandelj je <em>tonsilla<\/em>, vnetje mandljev pa strokovno imenujemo tonzilitis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mandlji <\/strong>so skupki limfati\u010dnega tkiva. Sestavljata jih dve simetri\u010dni ovalni blazinici na zadnji strani \u017erela. V imunskem sistemu so <strong>prva obrambna linija<\/strong> pred vdihnjenimi patogeni. Poleg tega proizvajajo protitelesa, ki se borijo proti oku\u017ebam. V\u010dasih pa bakterijske ali virusne oku\u017ebe ne morejo premagati, zato se vnamejo in ote\u010dejo.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n        <div >\r\n            \n\n<h5><strong><strong><strong><strong>Vzroki za nastanek angine<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Angino lahko povzro\u010dajo bakterije ali virusi. Najpogostej\u0161i povzro\u010ditelj angine je bakterija \u2013 betahemoliti\u010dni <strong>streptokok skupine A<\/strong>, zelo redko tudi skupin C in G.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bakterija streptokok se prena\u0161a:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>s kapljicami sline ali nosnega izcedka, zato se lahko oku\u017eimo, kadar smo v&nbsp;tesnem stiku z obolelim;<\/li><li>prek zdravih prena\u0161alcev \u2013 20 % zdravih otrok ima streptokok v sluznici nosu in \u017erela, med odraslimi je takih pribli\u017eno 6 %;<\/li><li>prek oku\u017eene hrane, zlasti mleka, zato je potrebna posebna pozornost pri delu z \u017eivili (pregledi brisa \u017erela in nosu na prisotnost streptokokov pri delavcih).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pri nezdravljenem bolniku ostane streptokok v grlu in nosni sluznici \u0161e ve\u010d tednov, \u010deprav se bolezen pozdravi v nekaj dneh.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n        <div >\r\n            \n\n<h5><strong><strong>Simptomi in znaki angine<\/strong><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Angina je pogostej\u0161a v hladnih mesecih. Spremljata jo <strong>nenadno zvi\u0161ana telesna temperatura<\/strong> in <strong>bole\u010dina v grlu<\/strong>, zlasti pri po\u017eiranju. Bole\u010dine so lahko celo tako mo\u010dne, da je moteno po\u017eiranje sline. Ve\u010dji otroci pogosto to\u017eijo zaradi glavobola, mlaj\u0161i pa zaradi bole\u010din v trebuhu, neredko tudi bruhajo. <strong>Mandlji <\/strong>so pove\u010dani, mo\u010dno pordeli, na njih so lahko <strong>gnojni \u010depi<\/strong> ali pa so pokriti z belimi oblogami. Pordeli so tudi nebna loka, jezik in mehko nebo, na katerem lahko vidimo drobne pik\u010daste krvavitve. Jezik je v za\u010detku bolezni po navadi belo oblo\u017een, kasneje pa se za\u010dne lu\u0161\u010diti in zaradi pove\u010danja brbon\u010dic dobi malinast videz. Obi\u010dajno so pove\u010dane in mo\u010dno <strong>bole\u010de<\/strong> tudi <strong>vratne bezgavke<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n        <div >\r\n            \n\n<h5><strong><strong>Potek bolezni in zdravljenje<\/strong><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Bolezen se pojavi od 2 do 5 dni po oku\u017ebi in traja <strong>nekaj dni<\/strong>. Zvi\u0161ana telesna temperatura pade po 3 do 5 dneh, bezgavke in mandlji pa so lahko pove\u010dani \u0161e 2 do 3 tedne po preboleli angini. Pri otrocih, mlaj\u0161ih od 3 let, se oku\u017eba s&nbsp;streptokokom ka\u017ee z gnojnim izcedkom iz nosu in s pove\u010danimi bole\u010dimi obmo\u010dnimi bezgavkami, spremembe v \u017erelu pa so manj opazne. Ti otroci lahko oku\u017ebo prebolevajo tudi brez vro\u010dine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob <strong>neustreznem zdravljenju<\/strong> se angini lahko pridru\u017ei \u0161e vnetje srednjega u\u0161esa ali sinusov. Pozni zapleti (bolezen ledvic in revmatska vro\u010dica) so imunsko pogojeni in se pojavijo 2 do 3 tedne po preboleli nezdravljeni angini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Angina se zdravi z <strong>antibiotikom<\/strong>, praviloma s penicilinom, ki ga predpi\u0161e zdravnik. <strong>Zdravljenje navadno traja 10 dni.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n        <div >\r\n            \n\n<h5><strong><strong>Preprosti nasveti za laj\u0161anje simptomov<\/strong><\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Ne glede na to, ali gre pri angini za virusno ali bakterijsko oku\u017ebo, lahko simptome laj\u0161amo tudi sami.<\/p>\n\n\n        <img class=\"illnes \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/adobestock_192329388-1.jpeg\">\r\n\t\t\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n        <div class=\"interesting-fact-block \">\r\n            <h3>Ali ste vedeli?<\/h3>\r\n            \n\n<p>\u010ce je vzrok vnetja mandljev virusna oku\u017eba, nam zdravnik ne predpi\u0161e antibiotikov. Da si bomo povrnili mo\u010d in premagali oku\u017ebo, je dobro upo\u0161tevati nekaj nasvetov. <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n        <div >\r\n            \n\n<ul><li>Poskrbimo za <strong>dovolj po\u010ditka in spanca<\/strong>; to je prvo in najpomembnej\u0161e zdravilo.<\/li><li><strong>Dovolj pijemo<\/strong>, da prepre\u010dimo dehidracijo.<\/li><li>Izogibamo se hrani in pija\u010di, ki bi lahko \u0161e dodatno dra\u017eili bole\u010de grlo. Bole\u010dino laj\u0161ajo juha, \u010daj ali topla voda.<\/li><li>\u010ce je <strong>zrak<\/strong> v prostoru suh, grlo \u0161e bolj trpi, zato skrbimo za ustrezno <strong>vla\u017enost<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Izogibamo se dra\u017eljivim snovem. <strong>Ne kadimo<\/strong> in ne uporabljamo kemi\u010dnih \u010distilnih sredstev, ki lahko dra\u017eijo grlo.<\/li><li>Simptome (bole\u010dino, dra\u017eenje, vnetje) <strong>laj\u0161amo z zdravili brez recepta<\/strong> v&nbsp;obliki pastil ali pr\u0161ila. Pomagamo si lahko z zdravilom <strong><a href=\"\/izdelki\/pastile-septabene\/\">Septabene<\/a><\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Vse navedeno lahko uporabimo tudi ob bakterijski oku\u017ebi, vendar bomo zanjo dobili <strong>antibiotike<\/strong>, ki jih moramo jemati tako dolgo, kot to predpi\u0161e zdravnik, tudi \u010de se \u017ee pred koncem zdravljenja bolje po\u010dutimo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pri <strong>kroni\u010dnem tonzilitisu<\/strong> je v\u010dasih potrebna <strong>operacija<\/strong>. Mandlji postanejo \u017eari\u0161\u010de kroni\u010dne oku\u017ebe, ki zmanj\u0161uje imunost in povzro\u010da pogoste bolezni dihal. Operacijo predlaga zdravnik.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n        <div class=\" text-link-sources text-link-sources\">\r\n            \n\n<h5>Literatura<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ol type=\"1\"><li>J. T. Dipiro, et al. Pharmacotherapy.<\/li><li>D. Armstrong, J. Cohen. Infectious diseases.<\/li><li>https:\/\/www.amboss.com\/us\/knowledge\/Acute_tonsillitis_and_pharyngitis<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/tonsillitis\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20378479\">https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/tonsillitis\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20378479<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/oral-health\/tonsillitis-symptoms-causes-and-treatments#1\">https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/oral-health\/tonsillitis-symptoms-causes-and-treatments#1<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/52gkb.ru\/press-tsentr\/besedy-s-vrachom\/1351-khronicheskij-tonzillit-bolezn-lyubogo-vozrastawww.Angina.eu\">https:\/\/52gkb.ru\/press-tsentr\/besedy-s-vrachom\/1351-khronicheskij-tonzillit-bolezn-lyubogo-vozrastawww.Angina.eu<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n        <\/div>\r\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":976,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single.php","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kdaj govorimo o angini - Septabene<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pri angini pride do vnetja \u017erela in mandljev. 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